| Neglected tropical diseases, neglected communities, and conflict: How do we leave no one behind?
Jacobson J, Bush S. Trends Parasitol. 2017.
Abstract Most well established neglected tropical disease (NTD) programs have seen great progress towards disease control or elimination. Areas in conflict, however, are a looming challenge to reaching control and elimination targets. To be successful, programs and partners need to creatively adapt to local circumstances and embrace new colleagues not traditionally seen as NTD implementers.
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Perceptions, knowledge, attitudes and practices for the prevention and control of lymphatic filariasis in Conakry, Republic of Guinea.
Kouassi BL, Barry A, Heitz-Tokpa K, et al. Acta Trop. 2017.
Abstract Little is known about the perceptions, attitudes and practices of lymphatic filariasis in Conakry, Republic of Guinea. Yet, such knowledge is important for an optimal design and implementation of setting-specific prevention and control measures. We conducted a cross-sectional study using a mixed methods approach. Qualitative data related to people's general experience with lymphatic filariasis, their perception of the causes of the disease, the onset of elephantiasis, care-seeking behaviour and the socioeconomic impact of lymphatic filariasis were collected.
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Impact of two follow-up schemes on morbidity management and disability prevention (MMDP) programme for filarial lymphedema in Matara, Sri Lanka.
Channa Yahathugoda T, Weerasooriya MV, Samarawickrema WA, et al. Parasitol Int. 2017.
Abstract Alleviating morbidity due to lymphatic filariasis (LF)—especially in elderly patients who are rather ignorant—is presently the biggest challenge for the national filariasis campaign. We introduced two follow-up schemes and compared each other to address three key programmatic issues (1) locating patients, (2) educating patients, family members on practice of lymphoedema self-care (3) well sustained daily self-care.
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Courtesy stigma: A concealed consternation among caregivers of people affected by leprosy.
Dako-Gyeke M. Social Science & Medicine. 2017.
Abstract This study explored the experiences of courtesy stigma among caregivers of people affected by leprosy. Using a qualitative research approach, twenty participants were purposively selected and in-depth interviews conducted. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed to identify emerging themes that addressed the objectives of the study.
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20 years of gender mainstreaming in health: lessons and reflections for the neglected tropical diseases community.
Theobald S, Macpherson EE, Dean L, et al. BMJ Glob Health. 2017; 2(4).
Abstract Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) affect the poorest of the poor. NTD programmes can and should rise to the challenge of playing a part in promoting more gender equitable societies. Gender equity shapes poverty and the experience of disease in multiple ways; yet to date, there has been little attention paid to gender equity in NTD control efforts. Drawing on a synthesis of relevant literature, this analysis paper distills five key lessons from over 20 years of gender mainstreaming in health.
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Washing with water and glycerine improves skin barrier function and quality of life in patients with podoconiosis.
Florence L, Fuller LC. Br. J. Dermatol. 2017; 177(5):1166.
Review of the factors influencing the motivation of community drug distributors towards the control and elimination of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs).
Krentel A, Gyapong M, Mallya S et al. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2017; 11(12):e0006065.
Abstract Community drug distributors or neglected tropical disease (NTD) volunteers have played a crucial role in ensuring the success of mass drug administration (MDA) programs using preventive chemotherapy (PC) for lymphatic filariasis, onchocerciasis, schistosomiasis, trachoma and soil transmitted helminths. This literature review identifies factors that affect NTD volunteer performance and motivation, which may be used to influence and improve future programming.
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The "F" in SAFE: Reliability of assessing clean faces for trachoma control in the field.
West SK, Ansah D, Munoz B, et al. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2017; 11(11):e0006019.
Abstract Although facial cleanliness is part of the SAFE strategy for trachoma there is controversy over the reliability of measuring a clean face. A child's face with no ocular and nasal discharge is clean and the endpoint of interest, regardless of the number of times it must be washed to achieve that endpoint. The issue of reliability rests on the reproducibility of graders to assess a clean face. We report the reproducibility of assessing a clean face in a field trial in Kongwa, Tanzania.
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Water, sanitation, and hygiene practices among population living in slums, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Agarwal R, Tiwar N, Malhotra AK. Int J Med Sci Public Health. 2017; 6(10):1533.
Abstract Water- and sanitation-related disease, despite being preventable, remains one of the most significant child health problems worldwide. Unsafe water, poor sanitation, and unhygienic practices cause millions of children in the developing world to suffer needlessly from disease. A significant proportion of deaths can be prevented through safe drinking water, adequate sanitation and hygiene.
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Operational issues of lymphatic filariasis elimination program and community acceptance of mass drug administration.
Saha S, Miah KA, Alam A, et al. Chattagram International Medical College Journal. 2016; 1(1):7-11.
Abstract Lymphatic Filariasis (LF) is a Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD). Mass Drug Administration (MDA) is the recommended preventive chemotherapy by the World Health Organization (WHO) to stop the spread of infection. But proper execution of the program is yet to be confirmed. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Rangpur district among the permanent residents and health officers.
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NNN Conference Report – Dakar 2017
Neglected Tropical Diseases NGO Network. 2017:18.
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Periodic deworming practice in Sri Lanka: Is it based on evidence, misconceptions or commercialism?
Mettananda S, De Silva H. Sri Lanka J Child Health. 2017; 46(4):307-311.
Abstract Geo-helminth ("worm") infections are a universal health problem which predominantly affects the impoverished and underdeveloped communities in the developing world. Here we review the changing epidemiology of intestinal geo-helminth infections and critically evaluate the perception and practice of periodic deworming, the economic impact and the present public health interventions in controlling the disease burden in Sri Lanka.
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Preventing the spread of schistosomiasis in Ghana: Possible outcomes of integraded optimal control strategies.
Zhang H, Harvim P, Georgescu P. J. Biol. Syst. 2017.
Abstract The goal of a future free from schistosomiasis in Ghana can be achieved through integrated strategies, targeting simultaneously several stages of the life cycle of the schistosome parasite. In this paper, the transmission of schistosomiasis is modeled as a multi-scale 12-dimensional system of ODEs that includes vector-host and within-host dynamics of infection.
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Schistosomiasis, intestinal helminthiasis and nutritional status among preschool-aged children in sub-urban communities of Abeokuta, Southwest, Nigeria.
Adeniran AA, Mogaji HO, Aladesida AA, et al. BMC Res Notes. 2017; 10(1):637.
Abstract Schistosomiasis and intestinal helminthiasis are major public health problems with school-aged children considered the most at-risk group. Pre-school aged children (PSAC) are excluded from existing control programs because of limited evidence of infections burden among the group. We assessed the prevalence of infections and effect on nutritional status of preschool aged children in Abeokuta, Southwestern Nigeria.
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Concise review: Medicinal plants are effective against leishmaniasis.
Bahmani M, Abbasi N, Hosseini M, et al. Biomed. Res. Ther. 2017; 4(11):1733-1748.
Abstract Leishmaniasis is an important zoonotic parasitic disease in tropical areas. It is a neglected disease and is a great health catastrophe in Iran. Pentavalent antimony compounds are used for its treatment, but they have adverse effects. Therefore, the use of natural herbs with low adverse effects seems necessary for treatment of Leishmaniasis. In this study, we tried to introduce the natural medicines effective against Leishmaniasis.
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Turning poop into profit: Cost-effectiveness and soil transmitted helminth infection risk associated with human excreta reuse in Vietnam.
Tran-Thi N, Lowe RJ, Schurer JM, et al. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2017; 11(11):e0006088.
Abstract Human excreta is a low cost source of nutrients vital to plant growth, but also a source of pathogens transmissible to people and animals. We investigated the cost-savings and infection risk of soil transmitted helminths (STHs) in four scenarios where farmers used either inorganic fertilizer or fresh/composted human excreta supplemented by inorganic fertilizer to meet the nutrient requirements of rice paddies in the Red River Delta, Vietnam.
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Elimination of schistosomiasis: the tools required.
Bergquist R, Zhou X-N, Rollinson D, et al. Infect Dis Poverty. 2017; 6(1):158.
Abstract Historically, the target in the schistosomiasis control has shifted from infection to morbidity, then back to infection, but now as a public health problem, before moving on to transmission control. Currently, all endemic countries are encouraged to increase control efforts and move towards elimination as required by the World Health Organization (WHO) roadmap for the global control of the neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) and the WHA65.21 resolution issued by the World Health Assembly.
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Critical care of tropical disease in low income countries: Report from the Task Force on Tropical Diseases by the World Federation of Societies of Intensive and Critical Care Medicine.
Baker T, Khalid K, Acicbe O, et al. J Crit Care. 2017.
Abstract Tropical disease results in a great burden of critical illness. The same life-saving and supportive therapies to maintain vital organ functions that comprise critical care are required by these patients as for all other diseases. As a large proportion of critical illness from tropical disease is in low income countries, the impact and reductions in mortality rates of improved critical care in such settings could be substantial.
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Prevalence and risk factors associated with Leishmania infection in Trang Province, southern Thailand.
Manomat J, Leelayoova S, Bualert L, et al. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2017; 11(11):e0006095.
Abstract Autochthonous cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis (VL) caused by Leishmania martiniquensis and Leishmania siamensis have been considered emerging infectious diseases in Thailand. The disease burden is significantly underestimated, especially the prevalence of Leishmania infection among HIV-positive patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with Leishmania infection among patients with HIV/AIDS living in Trang province, southern Thailand, between 2015 and 2016
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The introduction of dengue follows transportation infrastructure changes in the state of Acre, Brazil: A network-based analysis.
Lana RM, da Gomes MFC, de Lima TFM, et al. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2017; 11(11):e0006070.
Abstract Human mobility, presence and passive transportation of Aedes aegypti mosquito, and environmental characteristics are a group of factors which contribute to the success of dengue spread and establishment. To understand this process, we assess data from dengue national and municipal basins regarding population and demographics, transportation network, human mobility, and Ae. aegypti monitoring for the Brazilian state of Acre since the first recorded dengue case in the year 2000 to the year 2015.
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A preliminary survey of school-based water, sanitation, hygiene (WASH) resources and soil-transmitted helminthiasis in eight public schools in Odeda LGA, Ogun State, Nigeria.
Mogaji HO, Dedeke GA, Jaiyeola OA, et al. Parasitol Open. 2017; 3:1-10.
Abstract This cross-sectional study was undertaken to assess the status of school-based water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) resources and soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH) in Odeda, Ogun State, Nigeria. The status and condition of WASH resources were determined in eight selected schools (three with WASH support and five without). Stool samples were also collected from 428 pupils from both school categories and screened for STH infections. Findings showed that water and sanitation conditions of WASH resource programming schools were better than those in schools without WASH support.
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Is mass drug administration against lymphatic filariasis required in urban settings? The experience in Kano, Nigeria.
Pam DD, de Souza DK, D'Souza S, et al. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2017; 11(10):e0006004.
Abstract The large cities of West Africa, exemplified in Nigeria in Kano are challenging for LF elimination program because reaching 65% therapeutic coverage during MDA is difficult. There is therefore a need to define a strategy which could complement MDA. In order to plan the LF control activities, this study was undertaken to confirm the LF infection prevalence in the human and mosquito populations in three urban LGAs.
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Mapping clusters of chikungunya and dengue transmission in northern Tanzania using disease exposure and vector data.
Kajeguka DC, Kaaya RD, Desrochers R, et al. Tanzan J Health Res. 2017; 19(4).
Abstract Dengue and chikungunya are mosquito-borne viral diseases that are of public health importance throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Seasonal variations in transmission of these viruses have been suggested owing to the ecology of their mosquito vectors. However, little is known about the epidemiology of the diseases Tanzania. To address this gap, seasonal community-based cross-sectional surveys were undertaken to identify potential clusters of transmission in Hai district in northern Tanzania.
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WASH and gender in health care facilities: The uncharted territory.
Kohler P, Renggli S, Lüthi C. Health Care Women Int. 2017.
Abstract Health care facilities in low- and middle-income countries are high risk settings, and face special challenges to achieving sustainable water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services. Our applied interdisciplinary research conducted in India and Uganda analysed six dimensions of WASH services in selected health care facilities, including menstrual hygiene management. We present a novel strategy, showing that applied gender sensitive multi-tool assessments are highly productive in assessments of WASH services and facilities from user and provider perspectives.
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Sanitation and hygiene knowledge, attitude and practices in urban setting of Bangalore: A cross-sectional study.
Mohd R, Malik I. J Community Med Health Educ. 2017; 7(4):5.
Abstract Unsafe drinking water, poor hygienic conditions and improper disposal of human excreta and refuse is one of the prime concerns in India. Sanitation and hygiene practices are heavily influenced by people's knowledge and attitude towards it. Present study was conducted to obtain baseline information on existing knowledge, attitude and practices of sanitation and hygiene in urban setting of Bangalore, India.
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Effect of water, sanitation and hygiene interventions on active trachoma in North and South Wollo zones of Amhara Region, Ethiopia: A Quasi-experimental study.
Tadesse B, Worku A, Kumie A, et al. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2017; 11(11):e0006080.
Abstract Trachoma is chronic kerato conjunctivitis, which is caused by repeated infection with Chlamydia trachomatis bacterium. It is hyper endemic in many rural areas of Ethiopia. The objective of this study was to measure the effect of water, sanitation and hygiene interventions on active trachoma in selected woredas of North and South Wollo zones of Amhara Region, Ethiopia.
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