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Emotional difficulties and experiences of stigma among persons with lymphatic filariasis in Plateau State, Nigeria.
Abdulmalik J, Nwefoh E, Obindo J, et al. Health and human rights journal. 2018; 20(1):27-40.
Abstract Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a chronic and often disfiguring condition that predominantly affects the rural poor and leads to social exclusion, stigma, and discrimination. Little is currently known about the emotional difficulties and stigma experiences among persons living with LF in Nigeria. Our study evaluated the emotional difficulties and stigma experienced by persons with LF in Plateau State, Nigeria.
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Predicted distribution and burden of podoconiosis in Cameroon.
Deribe K, Cano J, Njouendou AJ, et al. BMJ Glob Health. 2018; 3(3):1-12.
Abstract Understanding the number of cases of podoconiosis, its geographical distribution and the population at risk are crucial to estimating the burden of this disease in endemic countries. We assessed each of these using nationwide data on podoconiosis prevalence in Cameroon.
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A human right to shoes? Establishing rights and duties in the prevention and treatment of podoconiosis.
Shahvisi A, Meskele E, Davey G. Health and human rights journal. 2018.
Abstract Podoconiosis is a debilitating chronic swelling of the foot and lower leg caused by long-term exposure to irritant red volcanic clay soil in the highland regions of Africa, Central America, and India. In this paper, we consider the human rights violations that cause, and are caused by, podoconiosis in Ethiopia. Specifically, we discuss the way in which the right to an adequate basic standard of living is not met in endemic regions, where the following basic necessities are not readily available: appropriate footwear, health education, and affordable, accessible health care.
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An international qualitative study exploring patients' experiences of cutaneous leishmaniasis: study set-up and protocol.
Erber AC, Arana B, Bennis I, et al. BMJ Open. 2018; 8(6):e021372.
Abstract Lack of investments in drug development, lack of standardisation of clinical trials and the complexity of disease presentations contribute to the current lack of effective, safe and adapted treatments for cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). Here, we describe the approach used to bring perspectives of patients with CL into designing and assessing treatments.
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Building trust through lymphatic filariasis elimination: A platform to address social exclusion and human rights in the Dominican Republic.
Keys H, Gonzales M, Beau de Rochars M, et al. Health and human rights journal. 2018; 20(1):41-52.
Abstract Hispaniola, the Caribbean island that includes the countries of Haiti and the Dominican Republic (DR), accounts for 90% of lymphatic filariasis (LF) in the Americas. Both countries have committed to LF elimination by 2020. In the DR, LF occurs mainly in bateyes, or company towns that historically hosted migrant laborers from Haiti. A legacy of anti-Haitian discrimination as well as the 2013 Sentencia, which stripped generations of Haitian-descended Dominicans of their citizenship, ensure that this population remains legally, economically, and socially marginalized.
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Why do patients refuse trichiasis surgery? Lessons and an education initiative from Mtwara Region, Tanzania.
Gupta KM, Harding JC, Othman MS, et al. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2018; 12(6):e0006464.
Abstract Trachomatous trichiasis is one of the leading causes of preventable blindness worldwide. A relatively simple surgery can spare vision. Although this surgery is usually performed free of charge in endemic regions, multiple studies indicate that surgical refusal is common. This study set out to determine major decision-making factors at the time of refusal. In addition, this study looked for ways to help increase surgical uptake by targeting modifiable factors.
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Innovative surveillance strategies to support the elimination of filariasis in Africa.
Kelly-Hope LA, Blundell HJ, Macfarlane CL, et al. Trends Parasitol. 2018.
Abstract Lymphatic filariasis (LF) and onchocerciasis are two neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) of public health significance targeted for global elimination. The World Health Organization (WHO) African Region is a priority region, with the highest collective burden of LF and onchocerciasis globally. A public health framework focusing on health-related data, systematic collection of data, and analysis and interpretation of data is used to highlight the range of innovative surveillance strategies required for filariasis elimination.
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Evaluation of treatment coverage and enhanced mass drug administration for onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis in five local government areas treating twice per year in Edo State, Nigeria.
Griswold E, Eigege A, Ityonzughul C, et al. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 2018.
Abstract The western region of Edo state in southern Nigeria is highly endemic for onchocerciasis. Despite years of mass drug administration (MDA) with ivermectin (IVM), reports suggest persistently high prevalence of onchocerciasis, presumably because of poor coverage. In 2016, twice-per-year treatment with IVM (combined with albendazole for lymphatic filariasis in the first round where needed) began in five local government areas (LGAs) of Edo state. We undertook a multistage cluster survey within 3 months after each round of MDA to assess coverage.
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Quality of life and quality-adjusted life years of chronic schistosomiasis mansoni patients in Brazil in 2015.
Nascimento GL, Domingues ALC, de Ximenes RAA, et al. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 2018.
Abstract Measures of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) have been used to express the impact of neglected diseases and to generate indicators for health economic assessments. Schistosomiasis mansoni is a neglected disease with various clinical manifestations, including severe repercussions, caused by parasitic worms. Here we describe the quality of life of chronic schistosomiasis mansoni patients and estimate the quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) associated with chronic schistosomiasis mansoni in Brazil in 2015.
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One-year prospective study of pediatric cutaneous leishmaniasis: a neglected tropical disease in sub Himalayan region, India.
Kumar P, Garg A, Kumari S, et al. Int J Contemp Pediatrics. 2018; 5(4):1546-1550.
Abstract Satluj Valley of Himachal Pradesh is a newly identified focus of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) and here disease is still in emerging phase. Although children are most commonly affected victims by CL but till date no such study has been done on childhood CL in this region.
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An integrated approach to control soil-transmitted helminthiasis, schistosomiasis, intestinal protozoa infection, and diarrhea: Protocol for a cluster randomized trial.
Raso G, Essé C, Dongo K, et al. JMIR Res Protoc. 2018; 7(6):e145.
Abstract The aim of this study was to assess and quantify the effect of an integrated control package that consists of preventive chemotherapy, community-led total sanitation, and health education on soil-transmitted helminthiasis, schistosomiasis, intestinal protozoa infection, and diarrhea in rural Côte d'Ivoire.
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Treating schistosomiasis among South African high school pupils in an endemic area, a qualitative study.
Lothe A, Zulu N, Øyhus AO, et al. BMC Infect Dis. 2018; 18(239).
Abstract Schistosomiasis, a neglected tropical disease caused by parasites that infest open water sources such as rivers and dams may increase susceptibility to HIV. Mass-treatment with praziquantel tablets, recommended by the World Health Organization reduces the prevalence of schistosomiasis. The goal in endemic areas is 75% treatment participation in every treatment round (e.g. yearly). However, in rural Ugu district, KwaZulu-Natal, South-Africa there was low participation among pupils in a Department of Health Mass-Treatment Campaign for schistosomiasis.
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Increasing evidence of low lymphatic filariasis prevalence in high risk Loa loa areas in Central and West Africa: a literature review.
Kelly-Hope LA, Hemingway J, Taylor MJ, et al. Parasit Vectors. 2018; 11(1):349.
Abstract In West and Central Africa, there is a need to establish the prevalence of Wuchereria bancrofti in areas that are co-endemic for Loa loa, in order to implement the appropriate strategies to scale-up interventions for the elimination of lymphatic filariasis (LF). Here we review the literature and present historical evidence, which uniformly highlight low or no prevalence of W. bancrofti infection and/or clinical LF cases across five Central African countries, in more than 30 different geographical areas.
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Food insecurity among households with and without podoconiosis in East and West Gojjam, Ethiopia.
Ketema K, Tsegay G, Gedle D, et al. EC Nutrition. 2018.
Abstract Household food insecurity remained one of the most crucial challenges to economic development and has been aggravated by household health conditions. Nearly one billion people are undernourished of which 98% in developing countries like Ethiopia. A community based comparative cross sectional study was conducted in East and West Gojjam, 2016.
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Mortality due to snakebite and other venomous animals in the Indian state of Bihar: Findings from a representative mortality study.
Dandona R, Kumar AG, Kharyal A, et al. PLoS ONE. 2018; 13(6):e0198900.
Abstract Animal bites and stings contribute significantly to mortality in certain parts of the world. India accounts for the highest number of snakebites and related mortality globally. We report on mortality due to bite or sting of a venomous animal from a population-based study in the Indian state of Bihar which estimated the causes of death using verbal autopsy.
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Gender differences related to WASH in schools and educational efficiency.
Agol D, Harvey P. Water Alternatives. 2018; 11(2):284-296.
Abstract Understanding Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) in schools from gender perspectives is fundamental in development. This paper tests the hypothesis that improved WASH in schools can lead to educational efficiency and progression especially for teenage girls. The hypothesis was tested using quantitative data collected through an Education Management Information System (EMIS) for just over 10,000 schools in Zambia, Southern Africa.
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Access to water and sanitation among people with disabilities: results from cross-sectional surveys in Bangladesh, Cameroon, India and Malawi.
Mactaggart I, Schmidt W-P, Bostoen K, et al. BMJ Open. 2018; 8(6):e020077.
Abstract To assess access to adequate water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) among people with disabilities at the household and individual level. Data were included from five district-level or regional-level surveys: two in Bangladesh (Bangladesh-1, Bangladesh-2), and one each in Cameroon, Malawi and India.
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Exploring the links between water, sanitation and hygiene and disability; Results from a case-control study in Guatemala.
Kuper H, Mactaggart I, White S, et al. PLoS ONE. 2018; 13(6):e0197360.
Abstract To assess the Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) access and appropriateness of people with disabilities compared to those without, in Guatemala. A case-control study was conducted, nested within a national survey. The study included 707 people with disabilities, and 465 age- and sex-matched controls without disabilities. Participants reported on WASH access at the household and individual level. A sub-set of 121 cases and 104 controls completed a newly designed, in-depth WASH questionnaire.
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Skin disease prevalence study in schoolchildren in rural Côte d'Ivoire: Implications for integration of neglected skin diseases (skin NTDs).
Yotsu RR, Kouadio K, Vagamon B, et al. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2018; 12(5):e0006489.
Abstract Early detection of several skin-related neglected tropical diseases (skin NTDs)-including leprosy, Buruli ulcer, yaws, and scabies- may be achieved through school surveys, but such an approach has seldom been tested systematically on a large scale in endemic countries. Additionally, a better understanding of the spectrum of skin diseases and the at-risk populations to be encountered during such surveys is necessary to facilitate the process.
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Risk factors for schistosomiasis in an urban area in northern Côte d'Ivoire.
M'Bra RK, Koné B, Yapi YG, et al. Infect Dis Poverty. 2018; 7(1):47.
Abstract Schistosomiasis is a water-based disease transmitted by trematodes belonging to the genus Schistosoma. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between the prevalence of schistosomiasis and access to water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) and environmental and socioeconomic factors in the city of Korhogo, northern Côte d'Ivoire.
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Onchocerciasis prevalence, human migration and risks for onchocerciasis elimination in the Upper Mouhoun, Nakambé and Nazinon river basins in Burkina Faso.
Nikièma AS, Koala L, Post RJ, et al. Acta Trop. 2018.
Abstract Historically, the whole of Burkina Faso was considered to be endemic for onchocerciasis (except a small area in the far north of the country) with prevalence rates 60-80%, but all endemic areas were included in the World Health Organisation Onchocerciasis Control Programme, which operated a system of vector control by larviciding beginning in 1974. In Burkina Faso larviciding had been phased out by 1989 when it was considered that onchocerciasis had been reduced to levels below the transmission breakpoint.
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Preventive chemotherapy in the fight against soil-transmitted helminthiasis: Achievements and limitations.
Schulz JD, Moser W, Hürlimann E, et al. Trends Parasitol. 2018.
Abstract Soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) are endemic in more than half of the world's countries. The World Health Organization has advocated targeted preventive chemotherapy (PC) to control STH infections by distributing albendazole or mebendazole to at-risk populations. This review presents an overview of the burden of STH infections, the evolution of PC along with its success and challenges, recent estimates of the efficacy of recommended drugs, and alternative treatment options.
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Mycetoma: reviewing a neglected disease.
Verma P, Jha A. Clin. Exp. Dermatol. 2018.
Abstract Mycetoma caused by either filamentous fungi (eumycotic) or bacteria (actinomycotic) has recently been recognized by the World Health Organization as a neglected tropical disease. Although mycetoma is preventable and treatable, especially in the early stages, it carries high morbidity and a huge socioeconomic burden. Skin and subcutaneous tissue is affected, with a classic presentation of hard woody swellings, discharging sinuses and presence of grains (containing the causative organism).
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Prevalence of neglected tropical diseases (leishmaniasis and lymphatic filariasis) and malaria among a migrant labour settlement in Kerala, India.
George S, Joy TM, Kumar A, et al. J Immigr Minor Health. 2018:1-7.
Abstract Neglected tropical diseases (visceral leismaniasis, lymphatic filariasis) and malaria are endemic in northern states of India. Kerala has become a hub of construction activities employing a large number of migrants from these endemic states. Studies on morbidity pattern among migrants in Kerala are lacking. A cross sectional study was done among migrant laborers in Ernakulam district, Kerala.
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Investigating the effectiveness of current and modified World Health Organization guidelines for the control of soil-transmitted helminth infections.
Farrell SH, Coffeng LE, Truscott JE, et al. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2018; 66(suppl_4):S253-S259.
Abstract Considerable efforts have been made to better understand the effectiveness of large-scale preventive chemotherapy therapy for the control of morbidity caused by infection with soil-transmitted helminths (STHs). Current World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for STH control include mass drug administration (MDA) programs based on prevalence measurements, aiming at reducing morbidity in pre-school-aged children (pre-SAC) and school-aged children (SAC) by lowering the prevalence of moderate- to heavy-intensity infections to <1%.
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