Fw: Ref.: (LML) Leprosy Review - September 2022

Leprosy Mailing List – September 8, 2022

 

Ref.:  (LML) Leprosy Review - September 2022

From:  Paul Saunderson, Ålesund, Norway

 

Dear Pieter,

I'm happy to report that the September issue of Leprosy Review is now freely available online at https://leprosyreview.org/articles

I've also attached the Table of Contents for your convenience.

With kind regards,

Paul

 

LML - S Deepak, B Naafs, S Noto and P Schreuder

LML blog link: http://leprosymailinglist.blogspot.it/

Contact: Dr Pieter Schreuder << editorlml@gmail.com

 

Online journal freely available at: https://leprosyreview.org/

CONTENTS

179 Editor's Choice – September 2022
P. Saunderson
Editorial

180 PEP4LEP research and its contribution to capacity building
L. Mieras, on behalf of PEP4LEP Consortium

Original Papers

184 Epidemiological trends of leprosy and case detection delay in East Hararghe Zone, Ethiopia: A baseline survey, E. Mamo, K. Bobosha, M. Legesse, F. Daba, K. Debelo, T. Leta, T. Hambridge, A. Schoenmakers, R. van Wijk, C. Kasang, L. Mieras, and J. H. Richardus

197 Leprosy indicators and diagnosis delay in Mogovolas, Meconta and Murrupula district of Nampula Province, Mozambique: A baseline survey, A. Marega, T. Hambridge, Y. P. Stakteas, A. Schoenmakers, R. van Wijk, L. Mieras, P. H. das N. M. Pires, A. M. Muloliwa, F. Mitano, and J. H. Richardus

209 Leprosy epidemiological trends and diagnosis delay in three districts of Tanzania: A baseline study
N. Mwageni, D. Kamara, R. Kisonga, B. Njako, P. Nyakato, A. Pegwa, S. Marco, W. Mayunga, R. Hebron, S. Kidula, J. E. Masenga, T. Hambridge, A. Schoenmakers, R. van Wijk, L. Mieras, C. Kasang, J. H. Richardus, and S. E. Mshana

224 A hospital-based cross-sectional study of clinico-epidemiological aspects of childhood leprosy with disability in the post-elimination era N. Joy, S. Patnaik, S. Nayak, A. N. Rout, and I. Mohanty

235 Sensory nerve transfer to restore sole sensation in Hansen's disease, P. Agarwal, and D. Sharma

243 Health seeking behaviour of leprosy affected patients at a tertiary leprosy hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic, S. Paul, Sridharan D., Santhosam R., Vinothkumar M., and I. Horo

254 Social stigma and mental health impairment in people with leprosy: An integrative review
R. M. P. G. Costa, M. A. Fernandes, G. P. G. Santos, D. de M. Rocha, A. M. R. dos Santos, and F. V. S. D. Avelino

265 Stigma and art therapy with Brazilian leprosy patients, M. de L. G. Fernandes, A. R. N. de Souza, M. D. T. Kenedi, A. J. L. A. da Cunha, A. L. Kritski, and M. K. Gomes

Letter

288 Improving funding transparency to advance leprosy research A. Tucker, C. Cassard, and D. Scollard

Obituary

290 Miss June Elizabeth Nash. 19 May 1951–14 June 2022, J. Ebenso

--
You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Leprosy Mailing List" group.
To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to leprosymailinglist+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com.
To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/leprosymailinglist/076467e5-2c02-499c-b8a4-7f01fc56cd9an%40googlegroups.com.

Leprosy Training Courses, Nilphamari, Bangladesh, 2016

Leprosy Mailing List – December 18,  2015

Ref.:    (LML) Leprosy Training Courses, Nilphamari, Bangladesh, 2016

From:  Ruth Butlin, Nilphamari, Bangladesh

---

Dear Dr. Schreuder,

As the WHO draft strategy mentions, there is an on-going need for preservation and dissemination of leprosy expertise. The Leprosy Mission Bangladesh regularly offers courses related to leprosy at its training centre in Nilphamari, where experienced facilitators and leprosy-affected people are available to ensure trainees fully understand the issues addressed.

-       Clinical leprosy – a basic course for doctors, 12 - 17 March, 2016

-       Leprosy orientation for administrators, 20 - 22 March 2016

I attach information on two upcoming courses. Could you please distribute them through the leprosy Mailing List?

Thank you.

Yours sincerely,

C Ruth Butlin

Medical advisor to DBLM hospital and rural health programmes of TLM Bangladesh

Infoleps Choice of new (e) publications on leprosy

Ref.:   Infoleps Choice of new (e) publications on leprosy
From: N Koumans, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

---

Dear Salvatore,

Thank you very much for circulating on the leprosy mailing list a selection of new publications on leprosy (see attachment).  Please contact me for full text versions.  Do you have publications on leprosy to share?  Please let me know!

With kind regards,

Nathalie Koumans

temporary Information Officer

INFOLEP

Postbus / P.O. Box 95005

1090 HA Amsterdam

The Netherlands

Tel: +31 20 5950530

Mob:

E-mail: InfoLep@Leprastichting.NL

Web: www.leprosy-information.org

Summer School on Disability & Development. Depok, West Java, Indonesia from 18 June to 13 July 2012

Leprosy Mailing List – April 2^nd, 2012 

Ref.:    Summer School on Disability & Development.  Depok, West Java, Indonesia from 18 June to 13 July 2012
From:  W. H. van Brakel, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

---

Dear Salvatore,

Could you kindly circulate the following message on your list.

Summer School on Disability & Development

Join us this summer in Indonesia for the 3^rd Summer School on Disability & Development!  This international, English-medium course is offered by the University of Indonesia and the Athena Institute, VU University Amsterdam to be held in Depok, West Java, from 18 June – 13 July 2012.  Fees for disabled participants are negotiable.  The course is aimed at a Master-level of study, but the problem-based learning approach used and the large quantity of scientific papers and other documents provided allows participants to study in as much depth as they desire.  A good level of fluency in both spoken and written English is required.  Detailed information is available in the attached documents (Word, PDF).  The course is about disability in general, but leprosy is often used as a model of disablement.

With kind regards,

Wim van Brakel

Course Coordinator

Wim H. van Brakel, MD MSc PhD

Coordinator Disability & Development

Athena Institute

Faculty of Earth & Life Sciences

VU University Amsterdam

Tel. +3120 598 2529

Mobile +316 3035 9935

Email w.van.brakel(at)vu.nl

18th International Leprosy Congress, Brussels 16-20 September, 2013 – First announcement

Leprosy Mailing List – March 12th, 2012 

Ref.:   18^th International Leprosy Congress, Brussels 16-20 September, 2013 – First announcementFrom: M. Virmond, São Paulo, Brazil

---

Dear All,

With great pleasure I forward to the leprosy mailing list the message from the President of the International Leprosy Association, Dr Marcos Virmond, with the first announcement of the 18^th International Leprosy Congress that will be held in Brussels, Belgium from the 16 to the 20 September 2013.

Kindly, see in attachment the files in Word and PDF formats.

Best regards,

S. Noto

"On service training in leprosy” in Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.

Leprosy Mailing List – March 8^th, 2012 

Ref.:    "On service training in leprosy” in Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.

From:  J Barreto, S. Paulo, Brazil

---

Dear Salvatore,

Thank you in advance for sharing this experience of mine about << "on service training in leprosy" >> with the leprosy mailing list readers.

Since 2007, the German leprosy relief association (DAHW) and the Instituto Lauro the Souza Lima (ILSL) have adopted the methodology of "on service training in leprosy", in the states of Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul in Brazil.  The method consists of 3 steps:

First: evaluation of the previous knowledge about leprosy.

Second: a lecture, with explanation of what is, indeed, leprosy, i.e., its epidemiology, microbiology, classifications (Madrid, R&J, WHO), clinical diagnosis, laboratorial findings and differential diagnosis, management of the disease and its reactions, and prevention of incapacities.

Third: supervised practice, with recently diagnosed patients, with sensitivity tests (thermal, pain and tactile), palpation of nerve trunks, collection of skin smears and staining of slides "in loco", and evaluation of their household contacts.

Results of the last year (2011):

Number of "on service trainings": 13.

Number of municipalities which participated: 79. 

Number of health professionals trained: 1031, and among them 261 were physicians.

Number of patients evaluated: 588, and among them 123 (almost 20%) new cases were diagnosed.

The complete results of each work can be seen in the site www.dahwmt.org.br.  Finally, the amount of money which was spent to achievement of this results: less than U$ 70.000,00. 

And I think to myself: what could we do with U$ 1 million?

Regards,

Jaison

Disability index for leprosy patients. The Bechelli’s index

Leprosy Mailing List – February 25^th, 2012

Ref.:    Disability index for leprosy patients. The Bechelli’s index

From:  E. Rangel, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

---

Dear Salvatore,

Thank you very much to Prof Smith for sharing on the leprosy mailing list the results of the Disability Grading Survey.  In our service, here at FIOCRUZ, I use the BECHELLI’s index.  Kindly find in attachment the references (Word document - PDF document)

Best regards,

Emanuel Rangel
Physiotherapist

Neuritis, acute and chronic, in leprosy

Leprosy Mailing List – February 28^th, 2012 

Ref.:    Neuritis, acute and chronic, in leprosy

From:  H Srinivasan, Chennai, India

---

Dear Dr Noto,

The following are my views regarding the queries raised about "Acute neuritis" in leprosy.  I think it will help starting from the definition of neuritis and then considering acute and chronic neuritis.  I also report some relevant aspects of histopathology.

Definition of leprosy neuritis

Leprosy neuritis is an inflammatory mononeuropathy occurring in leprosy.  In can be acute or chronic.

Acute leprosy neuritis 

Acute leprosy neuritis describes the clinical state characterized by pain occurring in an obviously thickened peripheral nerve trunk such as ulnar, median, lateral popliteal nerve etc.  It may occur in cutaneous nerve trunks also, but here there is no risk of disability and deformity, although the condition may be quite distressing to the patient.  Acute neuritis is of rapid (i.e., acute) onset, over the course of a few hours to a few days.  It may have been present for a few days to a few weeks by the time the patient is seen by the physician or paramedical worker.

It may be moderately severe or severe.  In moderately severe acute leprosy neuritis patient complains of severe pain, but the movement of adjacent joint is not restricted and sleep is not disturbed because of pain.  In severe acute leprosy neuritis patient complains of severe pain and the movement of adjacent joint is restricted due to the pain and patient admits that pain disturbs sleep. 

Often, acute neuritis occurs in a background of chronic neuritis.  Acute neuritis may occur along with cutaneous manifestations of type I or type II reaction, or as an isolated clinical manifestation of the reactional process.

The term “acute leprosy neuritis" when used in the histopathological context indicates presence of foci of polymorpho nuclear leucocyte infiltration in the nerve (micro or macro “hot abscess”).

Chronic leprosy neuritis

 “Chronic leprosy neuritis” is the clinical condition where there has been long standing ‘mild’ (patient admits to having pain in the nerve only on asking about it) to ‘moderate’ nerve pain (complains of pain even without asking about it, but says it is not severe) in one or more peripheral nerve trunks of the limb(s).   

Histologically, every case of leprosy shows some evidence of chronic neuritis at some site in the peripheral nervous system.  Leprosy is not diagnosed without such evidence.   

Clinical examination

On examination, the concerned nerve trunk is obviously thickened (swollen), and very tender (very painful on palpation), such that the patient is afraid of palpation of the nerve.  Range of active movement of the adjacent joint is restricted because of pain; and/or passively increasing the range aggravates pain in the nerve.  There may be clinical nerve function deficit relating to the affected nerve trunk, which may be pre-existing or of recent origin along with the attack of acute neuritis or, pre-existing nerve function deficit may have worsened coincident with the attack of acute neuritis or, there may not be any clinically identifiable nerve function deficit.  

Indications for Steroid therapy

Onset or worsening of clinical nerve function deficit relating to the affected nerve trunk (eg., sensory loss, muscle weakness or paralysis) along with acute neuritis or even while the condition is under treatment with other drugs is an absolute indication for immediate institution of steroid therapy in adequate dosage.  Continued severe nerve pain even in the absence of increasing nerve function deficit or in a destroyed nerve trunk (with no possibility of the nerve recovering) despite adequate analgesic therapy is often relieved by steroid therapy.

Nerve conduction studies

One does not wait for or depend on nerve conduction studies for diagnosing and treating acute neuritis.  They may be used, when available, for monitoring efficacy of therapy.  Nerve conduction velocity (NCVs) may be within normal limits when only slow conducting fibres are damaged.  Marginal improvement in NCVs without clinical improvement is of no material benefit to the patient.

Early detection of leprosy neuritis

Patient is the best person to suspect early the possibility of acute neuritis and report for treatment without delay.  So the patient should be trained to look for and suspect acute neuritis as well as onset/worsening of nerve function deficit of his or her thickened nerve trunks.  The paramedical and medical personnel must be sensitized to show concern and examine the patient very carefully and sympathetically when a patient reports for suspected acute neuritis and not play down or neglect the patient.  It goes without saying that they must know how to examine such patients.

H Srinivasan, FRCS
Surgeon (Retd)
25 First Seaward Road
Chennai - 600 041
INDIA

Disability Grading Survey Results

Leprosy Mailing List – February 25^th, 2012 

Ref.:    Disability Grading Survey Results

From:  C Smith, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK

---

Dear Salvatore,

I would be grateful if you could post the results of the Disability Grading Survey on the LML.  I have attached versions in English and Portuguese kindly translated by Duane Hinders. 

Cairns

Cairns Smith

School of Medicine and Dentistry,

University of Aberdeen,

Polwarth Building,

Foresterhill,

Aberdeen AB25 2ZD,

Scotland, UK

Telephone - (44) 1224 437266

Email: w.c.s.smith@abdn.ac.uk 

International training announcement

Leprosy Mailing List – December 26^th, 2011

Ref.:    International training announcement
From: G Gurung, Pokhara, Nepal

---

Dear Dr Salvatore,

Greetings from Nepal!  This is just a quick check if our international training announcements have been forwarded to all LML readers.  I am attaching those files for your convenience.

Many thanks for your support,

Wishing you and all LML readers a Merry Christmas and Happy New Year 2012!

Gopal

Gopal Gurung

Program Manager

BIKASH Nepal

Pokhara

Nepal

P: 00977 61 430562

F: 00977 61 430940

W: www.bikashnepal.org.np

Training courses

1: Rehabilitation and Prevention of Disability (RPOD): 20 February-02 March 2012

2: Community Based Rehabilitation (CBR): 05-16 March 2012

3: Communication, Advocacy and Training Skills (CATS): 25-30 March 2012

4: Leprosy Training for Medical Doctors: 15-20 April 2012

CALL FOR PAPERS - For a special issue of Leprosy Review on Chemotherapy

Leprosy Mailing List – December 13^th, 2011

Ref.:   CALL FOR PAPERS - For a special issue of Leprosy Review on Chemotherapy

From: I Allen, Colchester, Essex, UK

---

Dear Salvatore,

Would you be kind enough to put the attached  CALL FOR PAPERS on the Leprosy Mailing List please?

Thanks very much

All best wishes

Irene 

Mrs. Irene Allen

Assistant Editor

Leprosy Review

28 Middleborough

Colchester

Essex CO1 1TG

Tel: 01206 216730

Fax: 01206 762151

Survey on INFOLEP information services

Leprosy Mailing List – November 18th, 2011 

Ref.:   Survey on INFOLEP information services

From: C Voorend, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

---

Dear Salvatore Noto,  

With regards to a survey on INFOLEP information services, I would kindly like to ask you to forward the herewith enclosed text to your readers.  Since I need to finish this evaluation by Wednesday already, I need to kindly ask you for passing this through as soon as possible.  May it be possible to notify them before the weekend?  Then I hope in 3 days time many people will be able to respond.

With many thanks in advance.  

Best regards,  

Carlijn Voorend

---

Dear Dr. Noto,

Infolep/Netherlands Leprosy Relief would like to invite your readers for a short user-survey on Infolep's services.  We are currently evaluating the services of Infolep and the (future) information needs of the leprosy community.  We would highly appreciate the LML-subscribers (users and non-users) to fill in this short questionnaire before November 22nd.  This takes about 10-15 minutes and is accessible viahttps://www.surveymonkey.com/s/XJ3X5HX.

Infolep is the international knowledge centre for leprosy and related subjects (www.leprosy-information.org; www.infolep.org).  Infolep facilitates global access to many e-resources through the integrated ILEP / Infolep website.  Infolep is available for anyone involved in leprosy from researchers and students, to programme managers and field workers.  The library is based in the Netherlands.  Future strategic directions focus on becoming a decentralized multilingual, dynamic online portal (database with one interface) built up from Infolep’s collections and the collections of partners.

Questions or a request for a word-version of this survey can be pointed out to (c.voorend[at]leprastichting.nl , infolep@leprastichting.nl, or +31 20 59 50 530).

With many thanks in advance.

Yours sincerely,

Carlijn Voorend

Netherlands Leprosy Relief

Leprastichting / Netherlands Leprosy Relief (NLR)

Postbus / P.O. Box 95005

1090 HA Amsterdam

The Netherlands

Tel: +31 20 5950500

E-mail: C.Voorend(at)Leprastichting.NL

Web: www.leprastichting.nl

Leprosy Vaccine Summit – Final Report

Leprosy Mailing List – November 8th, 2011 

Ref.:   Leprosy Vaccine Summit – Final Report

From: P Saunderson, Greenville, SC, USA

---

Dear Salvatore,

As you may know, ALM has been funding work for some years on the development of a new leprosy vaccine.  We recently had a workshop to discuss progress and prospects.  I’ve attached the final report of the meeting, which may be of interest to some of your readers.

With kind regards,

Paul Saunderson MD, MRCP

Medical Director, American Leprosy Missions

Short user-survey on INFOLEP's services

Leprosy Mailing List – November 8th, 2011 

Ref.:   Short user-survey on INFOLEP's services

From: C Voorend, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

---

Dear Dr. Noto,

Infolep/Netherlands Leprosy Relief would like to invite the leprosy mailing list (LML) readers for a short user-survey on Infolep's services.  We are currently evaluating the services of Infolep and the (future) information needs of the leprosy community.  We would highly appreciate the LML-subscribers (users and non-users) to fill in this short questionnairebefore November 15th.  This takes about 10-15 minutes and is accessible via:-   https://www.surveymonkey.com/s/B6M9WKZ.

Infolep is the international knowledge centre for leprosy and related subjects (www.leprosy-information.org; www.infolep.org).  Infolep facilitates global access to many e-resources through the integrated ILEP / Infolep website.  Infolep is available for anyone involved in leprosy from researchers and students, to program managers and field workers.  The library is based in the Netherlands.  Future strategic directions focus on becoming a decentralized multilingual, dynamic online portal (database with one interface) built up from Infolep’s collections and the collections of partners.

Questions or a request for a word-version of this survey can be pointed out to (c.voorend[at]leprastichting.nl or +31 20 59 50 530).

With many thanks in advance.

Yours sincerely,

Carlijn Voorend

Netherlands Leprosy Relief

Carlijn Voorend 

Leprastichting / Netherlands Leprosy Relief (NLR) 

Postbus / P.O. Box 95005

1090 HA Amsterdam

The Netherlands

Tel: +31 20 5950500

E-mail: C.Voorend(at)Leprastichting.NL

Web: www.leprastichting.nl

Tuberculoid (TT) leprosy

Leprosy Mailing List – November 7th, 2011

Ref.:   Tuberculoid (TT) leprosy
From: Barreto J, Bauru, S. Paulo, Brazil

---

Dear Dr Noto,

Please find herewith enclosed, clinical and histopathology pictures of cases of tuberculoid leprosy.  All comments from the LML readers will be welcome.

Regards, 

Jaison A. Barreto
Instituto Lauro de Souza Lima (ILSL)

Histoid leprosy. Clinical case

Leprosy Mailing List – October 30^th, 2011 

Ref.:   Histoid leprosy. Clinical case

From: A G Barminus, Garkida, Adamawa State, Nigeria

---

Dear Dr Noto,

I wish to thank Dr Salafia (and also Drs Verduga and Barreto) for sharing with us their clinical experience in the field of leprosy.  I think that Dr Salafia’s case No 10 is histoid leprosy.  I would like contributing to this discussion by sending some clinical pictures of histoid leprosy for readers to see and advise (optimal length of treatment?).  They are hereby attached.  The pictures are mine and with the consent of the patient.

The patient is a new case of leprosy.  He never had any form of treatment for leprosy.  There was no nerve tenderness and the disability grade at diagnosis was zero.  No evidence of type 2 reaction.  Bacteriological index (BI) was 5+; the morphological index (MI) was 20 %.  Histology was not done as there is no facility for this in the area.  As for treatment, the patient was placed on normal multi-drug therapy (MDT) and he is still on it.  He is presently on the 6th month of MDT and there is just some improvement in the clinical picture.  How long will it take for these lesions to disappear?  Any experience?

Thank you very much in advance for your comments. 

Dr Augustine Barminus 

Chief Medical Officer

State dermatology hospital

Garkida

Adamawa state

Nigeria

The diagnosis of leprosy – SLIDES Part III. “Diagnosis and the clinical spectrum”

Leprosy Mailing List – October 28^th, 2011 

Ref.:   The diagnosis of leprosy – SLIDES Part III. “Diagnosis and the clinical spectrum”

From: S. Noto, Genoa, Italy

---

Dear Dr Dayanghirang,

Kindly, find in attachment the last section of the SLIDES of “The Diagnosis of Leprosy”.  Herewith are the slides relevant to Part III.  “Diagnosis and the clinical spectrum of leprosy”.

Best regards,

S. Noto

The diagnosis of leprosy – SLIDES Part II. “The third cardinal sign”

Leprosy Mailing List – October 28^th, 2011 

Ref.:   The diagnosis of leprosy – SLIDES Part II. “The third cardinal sign”

From: S. Noto, Genoa, Italy

---

Dear Dr Dayanghirang,

Kindly, find in attachment the section of the SLIDES of “The Diagnosis of Leprosy”relevant to “The third cardinal sign of leprosy”.

Best regards,

S. Noto

The diagnosis of leprosy – SLIDES Part II. The second cardinal sign

Leprosy Mailing List – October 24^th, 2011 

Ref.:   The diagnosis of leprosy – SLIDES Part II. The second cardinal sign

From: S. Noto, Genoa, Italy

---

Dear Dr Dayanghirang,

Kindly, find in attachment the SLIDES of “The Diagnosis of Leprosy”.  Herewith are those relevant to “The second cardinal sign of leprosy”.  The other slides will follow.

Best regards,

S. Noto

DVD on nerve involvement in leprosy

Leprosy Mailing List – October 24^th, 2011 

Ref.:   DVD on nerve involvement in leprosy

From: A Salafia, Mumbai, India

---

Dear Salvatore,

I have a few thousand photos of nerves, clinical nerve, operated nerves (about 2700 so far) and I would like to make a DVD of some of the most interesting cases - even for teaching purpose. The DVD will be divided into sections: clinical, ulnar nerve, median nerve, cutaneous nerve of the arm and forearm, cutaneous nerves of the legs..... Further they will be sections of what we see on the operation table: oedema, fibrosis, organized abscess, frank abscess, cutaneous nerve pressing over nerve trunk, normal muscles and anomalous muscles pressing over nerve trunk, bands...

Is there anybody interested in such DVD? This is not meant to be a commercial proposition, however, the cost of the DVD and the postage (registered book post) have to be born by those who want to have such DVD.  One request; whoever makes use of my photos should mention the source of the same.

I do not know what is the cost, now, of a DVD; the registered book post, within India should be around Rs. 100; so, the total cost, should not exceed Rs.200 per DVD.  But registered book post outside India is between Rs. 400-500 (I have sent my book abroad and the cost - given the weight of the book- is more that Rs.500 per piece); but i will make further inquiries.

Only if colleagues are interested I will start the whole process, which will take quite some time.

Best wishes to you,

Antonio

E-mail: salafia90(at)hotmail.com