Dear colleagues,
This newsletter provides you with a selection of news items and recent publications on cross-cutting issues in NTDs. Our starting point is to add articles covering a wide variety of issues. Unfortunately, this is not always possible due to a limited diversity in and shortage of articles on cross-cutting issues and NTDs.
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Ilse Egers, info@InfoNTD.org
InfoNTD Coordinator
www.InfoNTD.org
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PP116 Health utilities and neglected conditions: A Chagas disease study.
Miguel S, Bagattini Â, Cruz L, et al. Int J Technol Assess Health Care. 2019:110-111.
Abstract Chagas disease (ChD), also known as American trypanosomiasis, is a neglected tropical disease caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. About 6 to 7 million people worldwide are estimated to be infected, most in Latin America. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and utility measures are still poorly employed for assessment of ChD lifetime impairments. The present study aims to assess quality of life (QoL), as utility scores, of patients with chronic Chagas Disease.
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Revisiting area risk classification of visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil.
Machado G, Alvarez J, Bakka HC, et al. BMC Infect. Dis. 2019; 19(1):2.
Abstract Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a neglected tropical disease of public health relevance in Brazil. To prioritize disease control measures, the Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde of Brazil's Ministry of Health (SVS/MH) uses retrospective human case counts from VL surveillance data to inform a municipality-based risk classification. In this study, we compared the underlying VL risk, using a spatiotemporal explicit Bayesian hierarchical model (BHM), with the risk classification currently in use by the Brazil's Ministry of Health.
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Neglected tropical diseases and mental health: Progress, partnerships, and integration.
Bailey F, Eaton J, Jidda M, et al. Trends Parasitol. 2018; 35(1):23-31.
Abstract Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are increasingly recognised as major drivers of psychosocial morbidity in affected individuals and their caregivers. In our article, we highlight the progress in understanding the scope of the mental health impact of NTDs and the innovative practice emerging in this area. Finally, we examine opportunities for integration of mental and physical health for individuals with NTDs.
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Spatial analysis of dengue, cysticercosis and Chagas disease mortality in Ecuador, 2011-2016.
Núñez-González S, Gault C, Simancas-Racines D. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 2018; 113(1):44-47.
Abstract Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) continue to be an important cause of disability and mortality in the poorest tropical and subtropical areas. This is an ecological study. We included all death certificates with dengue, cysticercosis and Chagas disease in Ecuador from 2011 to 2016. The spatial autocorrelation was evaluated by GeoDa software through the Global Moran's I index and the formation of clusters by the local index of spatial association.
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Snakebite burden in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Halilu S, Iliyasu G, Hamza M, et al. Toxicon. 2018; 159:1-4.
Abstract There is no reliable estimate of burden of snakebite-envenoming (SBE) in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). We derived from a meta-analysis the burden of SBE related deaths, amputations and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in 41 countries in SSA. The annual burden was estimated at 1.03 million DALYs (95% Confidence Interval: 0.80-1.28 million DALYs). This is similar to or higher than the burden of many Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) and the finding advocates for a commensurate resources allocation towards control of SBE.
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In silico repositioning of approved drugs against Schistosoma mansoni energy metabolism targets.
Calixto NM, Dos Santos DB, Bezerra JCB, et al. PLoS ONE. 2018; 13(12):e0203340.
Abstract Schistosomiasis is a neglected parasitosis caused by Schistosoma spp. Praziquantel is used for the chemoprophylaxis and treatment of this disease. Although this monotherapy is effective, the risk of resistance and its low efficiency against immature worms compromises its effectiveness. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new schistosomicide drugs. However, the development of new drugs is a long and expensive process.
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Community-based surveillance and control of chagas disease vectors in remote rural areas of the Argentine Chaco: A five-year follow-up.
Cecere MC, Rodríguez-Planes LI, Vazquez-Prokopec GM, et al. Acta Trop. 2018; 191:108-115.
Abstract Prevention of Chagas disease vector-borne transmission mostly relies on the residual application of pyrethroid insecticide. Persistent or recurrent house infestation after insecticide spraying remains a serious challenge. Here we use generalized estimating equations and multimodel inference to model the fine-scale, time-lagged effects of a community-based vector surveillance-and-response strategy on house infestation and abundance of Triatoma infestans in four rural communities of the Argentine Chaco over a five-year period.
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General contextual effects on neglected tropical disease risk in rural Kenya.
de Glanville WA, Thomas LF, Cook EAJ, et al. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2018; 12(12):e0007016.
Abstract The neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are characterized by their tendency to cluster within groups of people, typically the poorest and most marginalized. Despite this, measures of clustering, such as within-group correlation or between-group heterogeneity, are rarely reported from community-based studies of NTD risk. We describe a general contextual analysis that uses multi-level models to partition and quantify variation in individual NTD risk at multiple grouping levels in rural Kenya.
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Trachoma in 3 Amerindian communities, Venezuelan Amazon, 2018.
Noya-Alarcón O, Bevilacqua M, Rodriguez-Morales AJ. Emerging Infect. Dis. 2019; 25(1):182-183.
Abstract Trachoma is among the most common infectious causes of blindness. During January-May 2018, a total of 4 trachoma cases were diagnosed among Amerindians of the Yanomami ethnic group in 3 communities of southern Venezuela. This country has social and environmental conditions conducive to the endemicity of this neglected tropical disease.
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First report of an autochthonous human visceral leishmaniasis in a child from the South of Minas Gerais State, Brazil.
Narciso TP, Carvalho RC, Campos LC, et al. Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Sao Paulo. 2018; 61:e1.
Abstract American visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a vector-borne disease transmitted by some species of phlebotomine sandflies from the genus Lutzomyia. After the emergence of foci of the disease in urban areas, VL has assumed an important role in public health. Although VL is widely prevalent in several parts of the world, diagnosing the illness is still difficult. We present a case of a 12-year-old girl with a history of recurrent fever, anorexia, cachexia, chronic fatigue, weight loss, left palpebral unilateral edema, persistent cough and pancytopenia.
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Achieving the endgame: Integrated NTD case searches.
Buyon L, Slaven R, Emerson PM, et al. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2018; 12(12):e0006623.
Abstract Trachoma and Guinea Worm Disease (GWD) are neglected tropical diseases (NTD) slated for elimination as a public health problem and eradication respectively by the World Health Organization. As these programs wind down, uncovering the last cases becomes an urgent priority. In 2010, Ghana Health Services, along with The Carter Center, Sightsavers, and other partners, conducted integrated case searches for both GWD and the last stage of trachoma disease, trachomatous trichiasis (TT), as well as providing surgical treatment for TT to meet elimination.
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A comprehensive approach to managing a neglected, Neglected Tropical Disease; the Myanmar Snakebite Project (MSP).
White J, Mahmood MA, Alfred S, et al. Toxicon: X. 2018.
Abstract Snakebite is predominantly an occupational disease affecting poor rural farmers in tropical regions and was recently added to the World Health Organisation list of Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTD). We document an overview of methodologies developed and deployed in the Myanmar Snakebite Project, a foreign aid project largely funded by the Australian Government, with the core aim to "improve outcomes for snakebite patients".
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The disabling consequences of Mycetoma.
Abbas M, Scolding PS, Yosif AA, et al. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2018.
Abstract Mycetoma is a neglected tropical disease endemic in tropical and subtropical countries, particularly Sudan. It is a chronic, debilitating disease most commonly affecting the feet or hands and leads to substantial morbidity, loss of function and even amputation. It predominantly affects poor, rural populations and patients typically present late with advanced disease and complications. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, we characterise the disabling consequences of mycetoma.
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Monitoring the elimination of human African trypanosomiasis: Update to 2016.
Franco JR, Cecchi G, Priotto G, et al. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2018; 12(12):e0006890.
Abstract Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) is a neglected tropical disease targeted for elimination 'as a public health problem' by 2020. The indicators to monitor progress towards the target are based on the number of reported cases, the related areas and populations exposed at various levels of risk, and the coverage of surveillance activities. The World Health Organization (WHO) provides here an update to 2016 for these indicators, as well as an analysis of the epidemiological situation.
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WHO data show unprecedented treatment coverage for bilharzia and intestinal worms
14 December 2018 | Geneva −− The latest data on treatment for schistosomiasis (bilharzia) and soil-transmitted helminthiases (intestinal worms) show encouraging trends towards the goal of attaining a minimum target of treating at least 75% of school-aged children in areas endemic for these parasitic infections, making it technically feasible to achieve the global targets set for 2020.
Read more: https://www.who.int/neglected_diseases/news/unprecedented-treatment-coverage-bilharzia-intestinal-worms/en/
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