Psychological and psychosocial consequences of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis among women in Tunisia: Preliminary findings from an exploratory study.
Chahed MK, Bellali H, Ben Jemaa S, et al. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2016; 10(10):e0005090.
Abstract The incidence of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) makes it the most widespread parasitic disease in Tunisia and the Arab world. The purpose of this study was to examine the psychosocial impact of ZCL scars among Tunisian women. The results showed that anticipation of rejection and avoidance of stress are strongly correlated with a negative perception of ZCL. This makes it vital to strengthen preventive health education.
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Community-based detection of post Kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) and its risk-factors in an endemic region of Bihar, India.
Scott J, Rabi Das VN, Siddiqui NA. J Trop Dis. 2016; 4(4).
Abstract A large-scale survey-based study of PKDL prevalence was conducted in the endemic region of Araria in Bihar, India. The results of the study indicate a sample prevalence of as high as 7.9 cases per 10,000 individuals. Our results suggest that factors of caste, cattle shed proximity, and gender all contribute to the characterization of the PKDL-afflicted population. Consideration of these factors can provide a clear starting point for further in-depth examination of their contribution to PKDL patterns.
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Diagnosis delay and duration of hospitalisation of patients with Buruli ulcer in Nigeria.
Meka AO, Chukwu JN, Nwafor CC, et al. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 2016; 110:502-509.
Abstract Delayed diagnosis of Buruli ulcer can worsen clinical presentation of the disease, prolong duration of management, and impose avoidable additional costs on patients and health providers. We investigated the profile, delays in diagnosis, duration of hospitalisation, and associated factors among patients with Buruli ulcer in Nigeria. Patients with Buruli ulcer have very long time delays to diagnosis and long hospitalisation during treatment. This calls for early case-finding and improved access to Buruli ulcer services in Nigeria.
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Progress of trachoma mapping in mainland Tanzania: Results of baseline surveys from 2012 to 2014.
Mwingira UJ, Kabona G, Kamugisha M, et al. Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2016:1-8.
Abstract Only three districts qualified for mass drug administration with azithromycin.
Trichiasis is still a public health problem in many districts, thus community-based trichiasis surgery should be considered to prevent blindness due to trachoma.
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Integrated healthcare delivery: A qualitative research approach to identifying and harmonizing perspectives of integrated neglected tropical disease programs.
Means AR, Jacobson J, Mosher AW et al. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2016; 10(10):0005085.
Abstract Qualitative data suggest several structural, process, and technical opportunities that could be addressed to promote more effective and efficient integrated NTD elimination programs. We highlight a set of ten recommendations that may address stakeholder concerns and perceptions regarding these key opportunities.
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Can lymphatic filariasis be eliminated by 2020?
Rebollo MP, Bockarie MJ. Trends Parasitol. 2016; S1471-4922(16):30165-9.
Abstract In this Opinion article we review the prospects for achieving LF elimination by 2020 in the light of the renewed global action against NTDs and the global efforts to achieve the sustainable development goals (SDGs) by 2030. We conclude that LF can be eliminated by 2020 using cross-sectoral and integrated approaches because of the compound effect of the other SDG activities related to poverty reduction and water and sanitation.ported functional limitations in Cameroon and India.
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Epidemiology of soil-transmitted helminth infections in Timor-Leste.
Campbell SJ. The Australian National University. 2016:365p. Thesis.
Abstract This thesis explores: what is the prevalence of STH, and what WASH risk factors contribute towards infections? What are the associations between STH infections and plausible STH-related health outcomes, and finally, what are the associations between aspects of WASH and the village environment with intensity of STH infection, in these communities? Environmental variables, but again few WASH variables, were associated with intensity of STH infection in this analysis. Despite this, WASH is the only identified mechanism that could reduce or prevent transmission in this high-transmission environment. It should be included in integrated control strategies.
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Getting a GRiPP on everyday schistosomiasis: experience from Zimbabwe.
Mutapi F. Parasitology. 2016:1-9.
Abstract This paper considers the contributions to global schistosome control efforts made by research conducted in Zimbabwe and the historical context and developments leading to the national schistosomiasis control programme in Zimbabwe giving an example of Getting Research into Policy and Practice.
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Knowledge, practices and perceptions of trachoma and its control among communities of Narok County, Kenya.
Njomo DW, Karimurio J, Odhiambo GO, et al. Trop Dis Travel Med Vaccines. 2016; 2(13).
Abstract Poor practices and related socio-cultural perceptions are important risk factors in sustaining trachoma infection and transmission. Community members require health education for behavior change and awareness creation about surgery, MDA and its potential side effects for elimination of trachoma in Narok County, Kenya.
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Influence of socioeconomic aspects on lymphatic filariasis: A case-control study in Andhra Pradesh, India.
Mutheneni SR, Upadhyayula SM, Kumaraswamy S, et al. J Vector Borne Dis. 2016; 53(3):272-8.
Abstract The cross sectional study showed that the population with low and medium socioeconomic status are at higher risk of filariasis.
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Onchocerciasis elimination from Africa: One step in Northern Sudan.
Kazura JW. Journal Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 2016; 95(5):983-984.
Abstract Onchocerciasis elimination strategies and “on the ground” programs should not be viewed as static or inflexible with respect to changes in MDA policy or local ecology that could affect transmission and its resilience to various interventions.
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Women's empowerment and global health: A twenty-first century agenda.
Dworkin S, Gandhi M, Passano P. Univ of California Press. 2016; 352p. Book.
Abstract What is women’s empowerment, and how and why does it matter for women’s health? Despite the rise of a human rights–based approach to women’s health and increasing awareness of the synergies between women’s health and empowerment, a lack of consensus remains as to how to measure empowerment and successfully intervene in ways that improve health. Women’s Empowerment and Global Health presents thirteen multidisciplinary case studies that demonstrate how science and advocacy can be creatively merged to enhance the agency and status of women.
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Controlling neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) in Haiti: Implementation strategies and evidence of their success.
Lemoine JF, Desormeaux AM, Monestime F, et al. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2016; 10(10):e0004954.
Abstract By 2012, Haiti's neglected tropical disease (NTD) program had reached full national scale. Essential to this success have been in the detail of how MDAs were implemented. Key programmatic elements included ensuring strong community awareness through an evidence-based, multi-channel communication and education campaign; strengthening community trust of the drug distributors; enforcing a "directly observed treatment" strategy; providing easy access to treatment; and ensuring quality data collection that was used to guide and inform MDA strategies.
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Epidemiology of urinary schistosomiasis and knowledge of health personnel in rural communities of South-Western Nigeria.
Awosolu OB. Journal of Parasitology and Vector Biology. 2016; 8(10):99-106.
Abstract The high prevalence and intensity of Schistosoma haematobium infection in the current study area clearly indicated that this infection remains unabated and as such, local health personnel should be adequately trained on handling urinary schistosomiasis cases in these communities.
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Promoting oral health in Africa: Prevention and control of oral diseases and noma as part of essential noncommunicable disease interventions.
World Health Organization. Geneva. 2016. Manual.
This manual aims at the prevention of oral diseases and promotion of good oral health. It emphasizes the fact that improving oral health is an integral part of the essential package of interventions against noncommunicable diseases at the primary health care level. Promoting Oral Health in Africa proposes a Basic Package of Oral Care, and includes a set of 10 protocols written specially for primary health care staff to aid in diagnosing and treating specific oral diseases. It also presents the overall rationale for health initiatives within school and community settings, and recommends a set of integrated activities at both levels.
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Clinical research on neglected tropical diseases: challenges and solutions.
Boelaert M. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 2016; 10(11):e0004853.
Abstract Research pertaining to the neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) poses specific challenges that are linked to the diseases investigated, infrastructure (or lack thereof), culture, social-ecological systems, conflicting health policies, and ethics requirements, among otherr.
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Improving coverage and compliance in mass drug administration for the elimination of LF in two ‘endgame’ districts in Indonesia using micronarrative surveys.
Krentel A, Damayanti R, Titaley CR, et al. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 2016; 10(11):e0005027.
Abstract Micronarrative surveys were shown to be a valid and effective tool to detect operational issues within MDA programs. District health staff felt ownership of the results, implementing feasible changes to their programs that resulted in significant improvements to coverage and compliance in the subsequent MDA. This kind of implementation research using a micronarrative survey tool could benefit underperforming MDA programs as well as other disease control programs where a deeper understanding is needed to improve healthcare delivery.
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Disability
Strengthening health information systems for disability-related rehabilitation in LMICs.
McPherson A, Durham J, Richards N, et al. Health Policy and Planning. 2016:1-11.
Abstract Effective health related disability planning requires reliable data on disability prevalence, functional status, access to rehabilitation services and functional outcomes of rehabilitation. For low-resource settings, and where routine HIS are already challenged, planning to include disability and rehabilitation foci starting with a minimum dataset on functioning, and progressively improving the system for increased utility and harmonization, is likely to be most effective and minimize the potential for overburdening fragile systems.
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Measuring functional and patient-reported outcomes after treatment of mutilating hand injuries: A global health approach.
Giladi AM, Ranganathan K, Chung KC. Hand Clin. 2016; 32(4):465-475.
Abstract This article discusses these social and medical system issues and reviews components of a comprehensive approach to measuring outcomes after these injuries. Patient-reported outcomes are highlighted. Methods of optimizing outcomes measurements and studies, disability assessments, and associated research are also discussed.
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Physically disabled women and sexual identity: a PhotoVoice study.
Payne DA, Hickey H, Nelson A, et al. Disability & Society. 2016; 31(8):1030-1049.
Abstract The study aimed to explore four young physically disabled women’s experiences and perspectives regarding sexuality and disability. We used PhotoVoice, a participatory action research method which uses photographs, to capture and convey our participants’ concerns. Through their photographs they showed that everyday interactions with others, particularly strangers or meeting people for the first time, were made difficult by how they were always seen as having a disability. Other parts of their identity were not recognised. The change the young women wanted was for people to see them as young women and not just as disabled.
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Factsheet: Disability and health.
Reviewed November 2016.
World Health Organization
WASH
Status of sanitation and hygiene practices in the context of "Swachh Bharat Abhiyan" in two districts of India.
Swain P, Pathela S. Int J Community Med Public Health. 2016; 3(11):3140-3146.
Abstract Study finding shows that 76% of total respondent were not aware about the “Swachh Bharat Abhiyan” and 56% were not aware about the significance of keeping good sanitary conditions. It was also observed that among the total respondents only 54% were defecating in the toilet and 8% of respondents don’t wash their hands after defecation and 11% of the respondents never wash their hands before meals. As observed, only 33% of female respondents were using sanitary pads during their menstruation.
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'If an eye is washed properly, it means it would see clearly': A mixed methods study of face washing knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors in rural Ethiopia.
Aiemjoy K, Stoller NE, Gebresillasie S, et al. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2016; 10(10):e0005099.
Abstract Interventions aiming to improve facial cleanliness for trachoma prevention should focus on habit formation (to address forgetfulness) and address barriers to the use of soap, such as reducing cost. Interventions that focus solely on improving knowledge may not be effective for changing face-washing behaviors.
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Assessing the impact of sanitation on indicators of fecal exposure along principal transmission pathways: A systematic review.
Sclar GD, Penakalapati G, Amato HK, et al.
Journal International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health.2016; 219(8):709-723.
Abstract The studies found little to no effect from sanitation interventions on these transmission pathways. There was no evidence of effects on water quality (source or household), hand or sentinel toy contamination, food contamination, or contamination of surfaces or soil. There is some evidence that sanitation was associated with reductions in flies and a small effect on observations of feces. Studies show an inverse relationship between the distance of a water supply from a latrine and level of fecal contamination of such water supply.
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